If you’re learning Arabic, understanding the culture is your key to genuine communication. Middle Eastern culture is rich and diverse, but it’s rooted in shared values and traditions that unite the Arabic-speaking peoples across the Middle East and North Africa.
A Glimpse into Middle Eastern Culture
Middle Eastern culture is a vibrant tapestry woven from a long history of traditions, spiritual beliefs, and strong social bonds. At its heart, it is defined by a deep-seated sense of community, where family and hospitality are not just values but a way of life. This rich heritage is a blend of influences from ancient civilizations, the three Abrahamic religions born in the region, and the unifying force of the Arabic language. To truly appreciate the nuances of the Arab world, one must look beyond the headlines and explore the daily customs, artistic expressions, and personal interactions that make this culture so unique and welcoming.
Core Arab Beliefs and Culture
Arab beliefs and culture are shaped by a long history of religious and social influences. Here are the most important values you’ll encounter:
Family (Al-A’ilah)
- The Center of Life: Family is the cornerstone of Arab society. Family bonds are incredibly strong and often include grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins.
- Respect for Elders: Respecting elders isn’t just a sign of good manners; it’s a sacred duty. Their word is often final, and their care is a collective responsibility.
- The Extended Family (Al-Hamula): The concept of “hamula” refers to the extended family, which provides a very strong and supportive social network.
Religion (Ad-Deen)
- A Central Role: Religion, especially Islam, significantly influences daily life. Values like generosity, justice, and mercy stem directly from religious teachings.
- “Insha’Allah” and “Mash’Allah”: You will hear these words often. “Insha’Allah” means “God willing” and is used to express hope for the future. “Mash’Allah” means “what God has willed” and is used to express admiration for someone or something.
Honor (Ash-Sharaf)
A Supreme Value: Personal and family honor are of utmost importance. Actions that bring honor to the family are highly valued, while those that might cause “shame” are avoided.
Hospitality: The Soul of Middle Eastern Culture
Middle Eastern culture is famous for its unparalleled hospitality. These traditions date back to ancient Bedouin customs, where offering shelter and food to travelers was a sacred duty.
Etiquette of Hospitality
- Eat with Your Right Hand: Use only your right hand for eating and drinking, as the left hand is considered unclean in Arab culture.
- “Accept a Little”: Even if you aren’t hungry, it’s polite to take a small bite of the food offered to you.
- Arabic Coffee: When served Arabic coffee, gently shake the empty cup to signal that you have had enough.
- Don’t Refuse Gifts: When visiting a home, it’s polite to bring a small gift, and it’s also polite to accept any gift your host offers you.
Arts and Creativity: The Language of the Soul
The Arabic language is a bridge for creativity.
- Literature: The Quran is the most influential text, but Arabic literature also includes masterpieces like One Thousand and One Nights and the “Mu’allaqat” poems that tell stories of ancient Arab history.
- Music: Arabic music is characterized by complex melodies and rhythms rather than Western harmony. The “maqam” system is its foundation.
- Dance: Folk dances like “Dabke” and “belly dancing” are an integral part of celebrations and social gatherings.
- Dress: For men, the thobe and keffiyeh (or ghutra) are traditional garments, while women often wear an abaya or other modest clothing in some regions.
Conclusion
Middle Eastern culture is a world rich with history, art, and noble human values. Your understanding of Arab culture will bring you closer to the spirit of its people and will make your language learning journey even more rewarding. Remember that each Arab country has its own unique character, but these shared values will be your essential guide.
If you wish to learn more about the Arabic language, download our Arabic learning app.
